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Compare

Side by Side

Pick any two of the four deadliest U.S. industry sectors. Each metric is drawn on a shared scale - both panels scale the fatal-injury rate to the same 20.3 maximum and deaths to the same 1,075 - so the bar lengths themselves are the comparison across the gutter. Every sector is flagged in the safety-red signal with how many times it exceeds the 3.5 national fatality rate.

What this compares

Real, published figures: the BLS CFOI 2023 fatal-injury rate and total deaths for each sector, and the most-cited OSHA standards in that sector's regulatory regime (FY2023 Top-10 national counts). It does not yet show per-sector inspection counts, penalty severity, or NAICS-level citation totals - that is the documented next-pass enforcement rollup. No number here is illustrative.

Choose a sector for each panel

A Panel A

NAICS 23 Construction rulebook

Construction

▲ ×2.7 the 3.5 national fatality rate

Fatal injury rate 9.6 per 100k workers
Total deaths 1,075 in 2023

shared scale · rate track = 20.3 max · deaths track = 1,075 max · hairline = 3.5 national

Most-cited standards in its rulebook

29 CFR 1926.501 Fall Protection - General Requirements 7,271
29 CFR 1926.1053 Ladders 2,978
29 CFR 1926.451 Scaffolding - General Requirements 2,859
29 CFR 1926.503 Fall Protection - Training 2,112

national FY2023 citations, all industries

OSHA's Focus Four - falls, struck-by, caught-in/between, electrocution - drive most construction deaths; falls to a lower level alone are about 39%.

NAICS 11 General Industry

Agriculture, forestry, fishing & hunting

▲ ×5.8 the 3.5 national fatality rate

Fatal injury rate 20.3 per 100k workers
Total deaths 448 in 2023

shared scale · rate track = 20.3 max · deaths track = 1,075 max · hairline = 3.5 national

Most-cited standards in its rulebook

29 CFR 1910.1200 Hazard Communication 3,213
29 CFR 1910.178 Powered Industrial Trucks 2,561
29 CFR 1910.147 Lockout / Tagout 2,554
29 CFR 1910.134 Respiratory Protection 2,481

national FY2023 citations, all industries

Farms also fall under 29 CFR 1928, and small farms without temporary labor camps are exempt from routine OSHA inspection - so OSHA's files understate this sector.

NAICS 48-49 General Industry

Transportation & warehousing

▲ ×3.7 the 3.5 national fatality rate

Fatal injury rate 12.9 per 100k workers
Total deaths 930 in 2023

shared scale · rate track = 20.3 max · deaths track = 1,075 max · hairline = 3.5 national

Most-cited standards in its rulebook

29 CFR 1910.1200 Hazard Communication 3,213
29 CFR 1910.178 Powered Industrial Trucks 2,561
29 CFR 1910.147 Lockout / Tagout 2,554
29 CFR 1910.134 Respiratory Protection 2,481

national FY2023 citations, all industries

Most of this sector's toll is commercial-driving deaths, which fall largely under FMCSA highway rules rather than OSHA worksite standards.

NAICS 21 MSHA + General Industry

Mining, quarrying, oil & gas extraction

▲ ×4.8 the 3.5 national fatality rate

Fatal injury rate 16.9 per 100k workers
Total deaths 113 in 2023

shared scale · rate track = 20.3 max · deaths track = 1,075 max · hairline = 3.5 national

Most-cited standards in its rulebook

29 CFR 1910.1200 Hazard Communication 3,213
29 CFR 1910.178 Powered Industrial Trucks 2,561
29 CFR 1910.147 Lockout / Tagout 2,554
29 CFR 1910.134 Respiratory Protection 2,481

national FY2023 citations, all industries

Mines are regulated chiefly by MSHA under 30 CFR, not OSHA; only oil & gas extraction and processing fall under OSHA's 29 CFR 1910 - so OSHA's inspection and citation files understate this sector.

B Panel B

NAICS 23 Construction rulebook

Construction

▲ ×2.7 the 3.5 national fatality rate

Fatal injury rate 9.6 per 100k workers
Total deaths 1,075 in 2023

shared scale · rate track = 20.3 max · deaths track = 1,075 max · hairline = 3.5 national

Most-cited standards in its rulebook

29 CFR 1926.501 Fall Protection - General Requirements 7,271
29 CFR 1926.1053 Ladders 2,978
29 CFR 1926.451 Scaffolding - General Requirements 2,859
29 CFR 1926.503 Fall Protection - Training 2,112

national FY2023 citations, all industries

OSHA's Focus Four - falls, struck-by, caught-in/between, electrocution - drive most construction deaths; falls to a lower level alone are about 39%.

NAICS 11 General Industry

Agriculture, forestry, fishing & hunting

▲ ×5.8 the 3.5 national fatality rate

Fatal injury rate 20.3 per 100k workers
Total deaths 448 in 2023

shared scale · rate track = 20.3 max · deaths track = 1,075 max · hairline = 3.5 national

Most-cited standards in its rulebook

29 CFR 1910.1200 Hazard Communication 3,213
29 CFR 1910.178 Powered Industrial Trucks 2,561
29 CFR 1910.147 Lockout / Tagout 2,554
29 CFR 1910.134 Respiratory Protection 2,481

national FY2023 citations, all industries

Farms also fall under 29 CFR 1928, and small farms without temporary labor camps are exempt from routine OSHA inspection - so OSHA's files understate this sector.

NAICS 48-49 General Industry

Transportation & warehousing

▲ ×3.7 the 3.5 national fatality rate

Fatal injury rate 12.9 per 100k workers
Total deaths 930 in 2023

shared scale · rate track = 20.3 max · deaths track = 1,075 max · hairline = 3.5 national

Most-cited standards in its rulebook

29 CFR 1910.1200 Hazard Communication 3,213
29 CFR 1910.178 Powered Industrial Trucks 2,561
29 CFR 1910.147 Lockout / Tagout 2,554
29 CFR 1910.134 Respiratory Protection 2,481

national FY2023 citations, all industries

Most of this sector's toll is commercial-driving deaths, which fall largely under FMCSA highway rules rather than OSHA worksite standards.

NAICS 21 MSHA + General Industry

Mining, quarrying, oil & gas extraction

▲ ×4.8 the 3.5 national fatality rate

Fatal injury rate 16.9 per 100k workers
Total deaths 113 in 2023

shared scale · rate track = 20.3 max · deaths track = 1,075 max · hairline = 3.5 national

Most-cited standards in its rulebook

29 CFR 1910.1200 Hazard Communication 3,213
29 CFR 1910.178 Powered Industrial Trucks 2,561
29 CFR 1910.147 Lockout / Tagout 2,554
29 CFR 1910.134 Respiratory Protection 2,481

national FY2023 citations, all industries

Mines are regulated chiefly by MSHA under 30 CFR, not OSHA; only oil & gas extraction and processing fall under OSHA's 29 CFR 1910 - so OSHA's inspection and citation files understate this sector.

Metric bar (shared scale) Fatal-injury rate 3.5 national average Standard citations (national)
Employer vs employer Live-data slot · pending the enforcement rollup

The picker this page is named for

The roadmap's flagship compare - pick two employers and read their inspection counts, total assessed penalties, willful / repeat counts, and fatality history side by side - is not built here, because the numbers behind it do not exist in this snapshot yet. Rather than fabricate per-employer figures, the slot is documented so it can drop in unchanged once the feed lands.

The data

DOL osha_inspection joined to osha_violation on activity_nr, rolled up by estab_name_norm (the normalized-employer key already computed in src/lib/source.ts).

The pending upgrade

Today scripts/build-data.ts sums penalties by activity_nr - one inspection - not by employer, so cumulative-worst companies never surface. The rollup must group by estab_name_norm before this picker can go live.

The entities it will pair

The kind of named employers already in this file as landmark cases and repeat offenders - Dollar General, McWane, BP, Imperial Sugar, Cintas, Amazon - each carrying a real enforcement record once the per-establishment feed is wired.

Full swap-point and the entity-resolution problem (one company, many spellings) are written up in the Methodology and the header comment of src/lib/source.ts.

Set: the four U.S. industry sectors with the highest fatal-injury rates, per the U.S. BLS Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI), 2023. The full ranked read lives on the dashboard.